Thursday, April 30, 2020

TSR CIRCUIT Or One Signal One Train - PART 12

TSR CIRCUIT Or One Signal One Train

In Last Circuit We used TSR so will will look TSR in this lession.

- Train Strick Relay(TSR) is normally an Energized Relay

- A circuit is evolved to ensure that one train only passes on one signal clearance and after each train the route has to be released before the signal is taken off again, for the next train.For this, a relay called TSR is used.

Step 1: Once signal is off, 
Step 2: the train passes the signal and 
Step 3: Actuates 9 TPR (the first track immediately after signal and is called 
            controlling track for this purpose). 
Step 4: When 9 TPR drops, TSR also drops. (Signal :ON immediately ) 
Step 5: ALSR is already in de-energised condition.  
Step 6: Now TSR can pick up only when ALSR picks up and after signal knob is 
            normalised.  
Step 7: The next signal can be cleared again only when TSR has picked up as
            TSR pickup condition is proved in HR Circuit.

- Thus it is ensured that only one train is permitted on one signal clearance.
   Evidently this is achieved by proving TSR front contact in HR circuit 

- When train passes signal, TSR drops.  Therefore, front contact is used along 
  with approach track circuit in ALSR circuit to indicate that the train has not 
  passed the signal while the approach locking is made effective to release the
  route.  

  Similarly TSR dropped condition indicates that the train has passed the signal. 
  Therefore, TSR back contact is used along with UYR relays for the normal route
  release path of ASR.

- TSR is made slow to release so that it does not drop in case of bobbing of 
  track circuit. 

- If TPR drops and signal goes to danger in the face of an 
  approaching train, TSR cannot pick up as ALSR front contact is not available.

- (If QSPA1 relays are used as TPRS, the TSR need not be a slow to release relay)

- TSR is named after the signal, which it controls.  TSR may be common if the 
  track circuit is common for two or more signals.  This arrangement is only to 
  save the Relays.


IN SIMPLE WORDs


- We can achieve One signal one movement by TSR

- Signal के आगे वाला ट्रैक को Replacement Track कहते है ।  For example 9TPR पे ट्रैन चढ़ने  से  concerning signal ON हो जाये गा / 

- जब तक Point Zone Track Circuit Clear न हो तब तक ALSR Pickup नहीं होगा ।

- TSR() : Movement Permit.  and TSR() : Not Permit

- When Train 9TPR पे चढ़ा  TSR () :-> HR ()

- TSR front contact used in LR relay pickup path.

- TSR दोबारा तब तक Pickup नहीं हो गा  जब तक Train Berthing Track पे न आ जाये । 

- जब गाड़ी 9TPR पैर चढ़ेगा : 9RECR ↑  

 Train Berthing Track पे आने के बाद ही ALSR (होगा । 

- TSR Normally Signal के नाम पे होता है । Example 9TSR for Signal no 9

- Advance का USR/ALSR नहीं होता है, ONLY LR होता है ।


Write TSR Circuit for 9TSR ?

Step 1: TPR()
STEP 2: HR() or RECR() or UCR() or LR()
STEP 3: ALSR()
STEP 4: Provide :Holding TSR()



More Example:








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Wednesday, April 29, 2020

Route Selection Circuit (LR Circuit) - PART 11

LR CIRCUIT : Route Selection/ Initiation Relay(Important)


- Function : For Setting Route and taking OFF signal in RRI.
- For taking signal OFF, First we have to press signal button(GN) with Route 
  button(UN)
- then respective Relay will pickup i.e GNR and UNR.
- then for setting route LR will Pick up.

- Step 1: GN() + UN : Press Together 
  Step 2: GNR() + UNR() : Will Pickup
  Step 3: LR() : Will Pick up

Note: At the Time when LR is picked up it will also operate the points to the required condition(but not lock).

- LR front contact is used in UCR and HR circuits also.

- Normally LR is in dropped condition. And picks up only when there is an operation to clear a signal.

- LR picks up only when the conflicting LRs are down.

- Thus at the route selection stage itself, locking of conflicting signals is done.

- Once LR picks up, it sticks through its own front contact till the knob is normalized with SM key `in’& turned to ‘R’ Position

- The back contacts of LR are included for locking the conflicting signals, which are directly opposing. that means LR के पीछे के संपर्क परस्पर विरोधी signals को लॉक करने के लिए include किए गए हैं, जो सीधे विरोध कर रहे हैं।

- In other words for those LR for which the point position are same are included.

- The ALR front contact by pass the button pressed contact, as the same will not be availablewhen SM releases the push button. The SMR back contact is bridged across the reversed contact of signal knob to prevent the de-energisation of LR when an un-authorised person normalizes the signal knob, if SM has locked the panel.

- IN LR CIRCUIT we have to focus more then in later circuit it will b easy to understand .




- LR is Named after the Signal and the Route i.e LR का नाम Signal के  Route के नाम से किया जाता है । 

- Example : For Signal No 2

  •      2A LR -> Overlap set toward M/L
  •      2B LR -> Overlap set toward L/L SH
  •      2B ALT LR ->Overlap set toward ML or L/L -M/L (In Siding is present) : Not present in our yard diagram
- Everything we will write according to Point
   2A LR : both point we ll in normal condition (52A AND 51A)

- Concern signal के LR के pickup path में सारे conflicting signal का  LR का Back Prove किया जायेगा /

- Conflicting signal same and Opposite दोनों direction में होता है । 

- Advance Signal का  UCR/ALSR नहीं होता है , Only LR होता है । 



How to write LR Circuit?

We will writting circuit for 2A LR.

- TSR: 
- ALSR()
- CONFLICTING LR()
- POINTS
- HOLDING PATH
- EGGNR ()

- PRESSED GN AND UN





-  2/C2 TSR() : For One signal one  train movement (permit)

- 5/7 ALSR() and 9/C9 ALSR() : का Route बना ना हो 

C2LR, C3BLR, 3LR, 7LR, 5LR, 9A LR, 9B LR, C9A LR, C9B LR, 2B LR :  
  ALL CONFLICTING LR()

- POINTS : 52NWKR () AND 51 NWKR() : Route बनाने के लिए 52 and 51 Normal Position में होना चाहिए । 

- EGGNR () : EGGN pickup ना  हो । 

- 51 WLR() AND 52WLR() : Point free हो ।(Not Locked)

- PRESSED GN AND UN : GNR and UNR press करने से  pickup होगा । 



Question : How many LRs will be there in our yard diagram?

Answer : Total 14 

 2ALR, 2BLR, C2ALR,C2BLR, 3LR, 5LR, 7LR, 4LR,6LR,8LR, 9ALR, 9BLR, C9ALR,
 C9BLR




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GETTING STARTED WITH ROUTE RELAY INTERLOCKING - PART 10

SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONS- MOST IMPORTANT TOPIC

The Steps of Signal Clearance will be as follows:

STEP 1 : For Clearing any signal, only authorized persons can make operations. 
             This is ensured by providing a SM key on the control panel.
              For That SM key must be ‘IN,’ and turned in On Position.

STEP 2 : Presses GN and UN Button together and release.   
             The respective GNR and UNR will Pick up and Route initialization will 
              happen. This is called route selection. 

STEP 3: A relay called “LR” will pick up which in turn operates the points in 
            Route,overlap and isolation to the required position.(provided that no 
            conflicting route is set)
            
STEP 4: if the point is free to be operated or the point is not engaged by any  
            other route, and the point zone is not occupied by train. 
            The relays NWKR/RWKR picks up when points are correctly set and 
            locked at site.

STEP 5: Once if the points in the route are operated, i.e., the route
            is set and locked. For route checking the relay called UCR picks up. 

STEP 6: Every signal will have one route checking relay (UCR) and it ensures 
             NWKR/RWKRs of points in the route, overlap and isolation etc.

STEP 7: After checking, the route has to be locked. Route Locking means,
            holding the point in the route and overlap in locked condition, after the
            clearance of signal. A relay called ASR OR ALSR is employed for this
            purpose. Normally this relay will be in picked up condition. When route
            is checked i.e.when the UCR picks up, ALSR drops. 

STEP 8: When ALSR drops, another relay called point lock relay(WLR) also 
            drops. When WLR drops, point cannot be operated. 

STEP 9: Now the ALSR picks up only when the train has arrived on proper signal
            with sequential operation of track circuits or if the route is cancelled 
            ensuring back locking, Indication locking and approach locking. 

STEP 10: For clearing signal, Signal control relay called HR is energized. 


For detail study we will take station layout which is given below



DETAILS OF RELAYS FOR SIGNAL CLEARANCE:

- SM’s key inserted and turned to ensure authorized operation(SMR/SMCR/SMPR up)

- Route initiation/selection is done (LRs up) by the authorized person.

- Route setting (operating the points to the required condition. (NWKRs/RWKRs up )

- Route checking (UCR up)

- Route Locking/Over lap locking (ASR/TRSR/TLSR/OVSR down), Electrical locking of points.( WLR down) 

In addition to the above, for Signal Clearance, the following conditions are also to be satisfied.

- The clearance of track in the route & overlap (TPRs up )

- One signal - one train feature (TSR up)

- No cancellation is initiated (JSLR down)

- Route Release Relays have de-energised after the last train movement ( UYR1, UYR2etc., are down) (In Southern Railways UYR 1 and UYR are called as TSSLR and TPZR respectively)

Route Indicator lamps are not lit for straight line (UHRs or UGR and UECR down)(compulsory in case of Junction type Indicator)

- Route Indicator lamps are lit for turn out (UGR or UHR and UECR up)

- Interlocked LCs if any in the Route and overlap are locked and closed against Road traffic (LXPR up) and held locked till the passage of that train is over.

- Concerned crank handles are `in’ and locked (CHR /CHLR up)

- Sidings in the route & overlap are kept normal and held (siding KLPR/NPR up)

- Aspect of signal ahead is displayed (GECR up or RECR/HECR/DECR UP)

- Cross protection is provided for the signal control (by the Front contact of ALSR or Backcontact of UCR ) These contacts are not favorable for signal clearance. 

Conflicting signals are proved either directly or indirectly by proving the front contact of ALSRs of conflicting signals in UCR circuit of the signal to be cleared.








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GROUP BUTTON RELAY CIRCUIT - PART 9

GROUP BUTTON RELAY CIRCUIT




NWWNR (Normal Common Point Button Relay)

- When NWWN button is pressed , NWWNR is energised provided SMR is in picked up condition and RWWNR is in droped condition .

- When NWWNR relays are energized, thenn WNCR relay is dropped.

RWWNR

- When RWWN- Pressed , RWWNR- energized, Provided SMR (), NWWNR().

- When RWWNR - Energized, then WNCR ()


GBNR

- When GBN- Pressed , GBNR- energized, Provided SMR ().

GRNR

- When GRR- Pressed , GRNR- energized, Provided SMR ().

EOVNR

EOVR: Pressed, EOVNR: Energized , Provided SMR() condition.


EWNR

- EWWN  : Pressed, EWWNR: Energized , Provided SMR() condition.

EGGNR

- When EGGN- Pressed, EGGNR- Energised. 
- Whenever it is required to put back a signal to ON position during emergency , it can be done by pressing the signal button concerned alone with the EGGN button, as SM controlling relay front contact is not provided in both the circuits.


EUYNR

EUYR: Pressed, EUYNR: Energized , Provided SMR() condition.

CH1NR

- When CH1N- Pressed, CH1NR- Energized, Provided 
  1. SMR (↑), GNCR(↑), UNCR(↑).
  2. No point Button is pressed.
  3. No Siding Button is Pressed


CH2NR

When CH2N- Pressed, CH1NR- Energized, Provided 
  1. SMR (↑), GNCR(↑), UNCR(↑).
  2. No point Button is pressed.
  3. No Siding Button is Pressed

G-31 LCNR

- When LXN - Pressed, LXNR - Energized, Provided 

  1. SMR (↑), GNCR(↑), UNCR(↑).
  2. No point Button is pressed.
  3. No CH Button is pressed.
  4. No Siding Button is Pressed
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Tuesday, April 28, 2020

GETTING STARTED WITH ROUTE RELAY INTERLOCKING - PART 8

BUTTON RELAY

5) POINT FAIL ALARM CIRCUIT (WXACKNR)

-Whenever any Point fails to set in normal/reverse, then the point indication relay NWKR/RWKR fail to pick up , then WXR OR WXJR(All point indication proving relay) drops, which activate a buzzer and light up an indication on the panel.







- Then the SM acknowledge by pressing point failure acknowledgement button , thereby WXACKNR energies, which stop the Buzzer, but the indication remain ON till the point failure is rectified and indication is obtained.



- WXR is made slow to release, thereby it does not drop when both indication (NWKR/RWKR) are not available during point operation.
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GETTING STARTED WITH ROUTE RELAY INTERLOCKING - PART 7

BUTTON RELAY

4) SIGNAL FAIL ALARM CIRCUIT
    OR
    Signal Lamp Failure Acknowledgement Button Relay (GXACKNR)



- If any signal become blank, GXR drops, which activate the signal failure buzzer and light up the signal failure indication on the panel.



- The SM acknowledge by pressing signal lamp failure ACK button thereby signal lamp failure acknowledgement button relay(GXACKNR) energizes.

Step 1

 Step 2




- Thereby the buzzer stop ,but the indication remains ON till the lamp is 
  replaced or the fault is rectified by S&T personal.



- GXR is made slow to release there by it does not drop during aspect changing 
  period and give false alarm.



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GETTING STARTED WITH ROUTE RELAY INTERLOCKING - PART 6

BUTTON RELAY

3) WNR AND WNCR CIRCUIT

- Point Button Relay and Point Button Normal relay or Point Button Checking 
  Relay




- The text which is written in violet color ,That we will discus in future lesson

- WNCR is normally a picked up relay and drops when any one of the following 
  button is pressed(For now and for the above circuit consider only point no 1
  i.e 51WN ).

  1. Point :example 51WN
  2. Crank Handle : CH1NR
  3. LC Gate : LXN
  4. Siding: KLN
  5. Common Point Button(Normal) : NWWNR1
  6. Common Point Button(Reverse) : RWWNR1
  7. Emergency Point Operation Button : EWNR, EWNPR

- Suppose we pressed point button 51, When the point button is pressed, point button relay WNR is energized provided the following condition are met.

  1. All other WNR are in dropped(↓) condition
  2. All CH button relay in ↓ condition
  3. LC gate Button relay are in ↓ condition
  4. KL Siding button relay in ↓ condition
  5. GNCR (↑), UNCR(↑), SMR(↑)

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GETTING STARTED WITH ROUTE RELAY INTERLOCKING - PART 5

BUTTON CIRCUIT

2) UNR AND UNCR CIRCUIT

- Full Form: Route button Relay and Route Button Checking Relay

- UNCR is normally an energised relay provided that no Route button is in  
  pressed condition(All route button are normal) . UNCR सामान्य रूप से एक एनर्जेटिक
  रिले है, बशर्ते कि कोई रूट बटन दबाए स्थिति में न हो /




- Whenever any route Button UN is pressed then UNCR dropped.
   जब भी कोई रूट बटन UN दबाया जाता है तो UNCR गिरा दिया जाता है।

- Take an example that we pressed Route button number D-6 then the flow of 
   current is shown below.




- Normally UNR -> Dropped 

- When UN    -> Pressed 
           UNR  -> Energises, Provided that the following condition are meet:-


  • No Route button is in pressed condition
  • SM's Key is IN( i.e SMR picked up condition)
  • No point button is in pressed condition (i.e WNCR picked up condition)
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Monday, April 27, 2020

GETTING STARTED WITH ROUTE RELAY INTERLOCKING - PART 4

BUTTON CIRCUIT

1. GNR AND GNCR CIRCUIT

- Full Form : Signal Button Relay and Signal Button Checking Relay




- Normally GNCR is in Picked Up condition provided that all GNR are in the de
  energized condition 
  (आम तौर पर जीएनसीआर पिकअप अप स्थिति में होता है  बशर्ते कि सभी 
  जीएनआर डी-एनर्जेटिक स्थिति में हों)
  i.e No signal Button is in the Pressed Condition.




- Whenever any signal button is pressed(example 2GN Button) then concerned 
  GNR picked up ,Provided all other signal GNR are in dropped condition. 
  (जब भी कोई सिग्नल बटन दबाया जाता है तो संबंधित जीएनआर को उठाया जाता है, बशर्ते अन्य सभी 
  सिग्नल जीएनआर गिराए गए स्थिति में हों।)
  i.e No other signal is in the pressed condition and No point button relay is in 
  energised condition(WNCR is in Picked up condition)




- When any GNR is energised the relay GNCR drops immediately. 
  (जब किसी भी GNR रिले को energised किया जाता है तो रिले GNCR तुरंत गिर जाता है।)

- In GNR and EGGNR circuits SMCR front contact is not provided. 
  (GNR और EGGNR सर्किट में SMCR फ्रंट कॉन्टैक्ट नहीं दिया गया है।)

- The reason behind this is to allow the signal to be thrown back to danger in 
  case required in emergence even when the panel is Locked ( SMCR is in 
  dropped condition.)


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GETTING STARTED WITH ROUTE RELAY INTERLOCKING - PART 3

SMCR/SMR CIRCUIT

  • Full Form: Station Masters Control Relay
  • This relay is energized when the SM’s panel key is `IN’ and turned to Normal Position. (यह रिले तब सक्रिय होती है जब SM पैनल कुंजी `IN 'होती है और नार्मल  पोजीशन में टर्न्ड हो)

  • Purpose : The Energisation  of SMCR/SMR relay provides authorized operation of all the functions on the panel.(SMCR / SMR रिले का एनर्जाइज़ेशन पैनल पर सभी कार्यों का अधिकृत संचालन प्रदान करता है।)

  • The energised contacts of SMCR are used in button circuits(Except GNR  Circuits), point operation circuits, route initiation circuits, route cancellation circuits, emergency circuits, crack handle circuits, timer circuits etc.

  • When SM's key is turned to reverse or locked position and taken out from the panel by SM, the SMR relay drops.

    • It prevent un-authorized operation and Lock the panel in last operated position.
    • except throwing the signal to danger.
    • Lets try to operate the point no 51 but point will not move. In the similar way try to lower signal but the signal cannot  be taken OFF.
    • In Emergency signal can be put back to ON position by pressing and releasing  signal button concerned and EGGN button.

Thanks:)
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GETTING STARTED WITH ROUTE RELAY INTERLOCKING - PART 2

GETTING STARTED WITH RELAY INTERLOCKING - PART 2


From Next Part we will start learning Circuits but before that we should also know in Circuits what all things are going to see .

- First we will See The Station Yard Layout and in complete circuits we will create circuits according the the Same Layout. And the Layout is given Below.



- We will Start from Step by step i.e from start to end.
To Write any Circuit we should know the Flow chart  and based on that i will teach you how to write Circuit in a simple way .

- Lets see the Flow Chart First.


- Our target is to OFF the Signal to Green or Yellow according to our requirement. for that we have to press two button that is GN and UN.

- Means GN+UN and we have to reach till HR and in between many other circuits will come but it will b the part of HR Circuits.

- Circuits which we will be see in coming lessons are

1) SMCR

2)GNR

3) UNR

4) LR

5)NWKR/RWKR AND NWPR/NWPR MEANS POINT CIRCUITS

6) UCR

7)ASR/ALSR

8)OVSR

9)WLR

10)HR

11) UYR

12) GATE/CH CNL

13)TSR AND TPR

ETC

NOTE: 

To clear a Signal, SM has to ensure that the following conditions are fulfilled.


• The track circuits are clear.

• LC gate if any is closed

• Crank handles are ‘in’ and locked

• Knob of conflicting signals are normal

• Point knob is in centre position or in the same position of points required to be set

• Route is released after the last operation and not locked by any other conflicting signal.

• Point free indication, is available.

• SM key is `in’ and turned

• Line Clear obtained for LSS

• Time cancellation is not in progress






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Sunday, April 26, 2020

Getting Started with Route Relay Interlocking - Part 1

Getting Started with Relay Interlocking (Metal To Carbon) - Part 1

Before we start Route relay interlocking we should know what is Interlocking? and What is Essential of Interlocking?





- Interlocking को हिंदी में अन्तर्पासन कहते है / 

- Interlocking is an arrangement of signal, points and other application , operated from a  
  panel or  lever frame so interlocked by mechanical locking or Electrical locking or both that 
  their operation must take place in a proper sequence to ensure safety.

इंटरलॉकिंग सिग्नल, पॉइंट्स और अन्य एप्लिकेशन की एक व्यवस्था है, जो पैनल या लीवर फ्रेम से संचालित 
  होती है, ताकि मैकेनिकल लॉकिंग या इलेक्ट्रिकल लॉकिंग या दोनों द्वारा इंटरलॉक किया जाता है ताकि सुरक्षा
  सुनिश्चित करने के लिए उनका संचालन उचित क्रम में हो सके 


Essential of Interlocking:

In any interlocked yard,  interlocking has to confirm to certain basic requirement . this basic requirements are also referred as essential of interlocking that means

किसी भी इंटरलॉक किए गए यार्ड में इंटरलॉकिंग को कुछ मूलभूत आवश्यकता की पुष्टि करनी होती है। इस बुनियादी आवश्यकताओं को इंटरलॉकिंग के रूप में भी जाना जाता है/ 

The Essential of Interlocking are:- 


1) It shall not be possible to take off a running signal,  unless all points Including isolation are correctly set ,all facing points are locked and all interlocked level crossing are closed and locked against public Road for the line on which the train will travel including the overlap.


Means 

किसी भी सिग्नल को हम तब तक लोअर नहीं कर सकते जब तक की रूट में आने वाले पॉइंट्स या ओवरलैप में आने अले पॉइंट्स , यदि आइसोलेशन है तब इन्सुलेशन का पॉइंट्स , करेक्टली सेट डी लॉक होना चाहिए  तथा यदि कोई लक गेट है तो रोड फीस क अगेंस्ट क्लोज होना चाहिए /

2) After the signal has been taken off,  it shall not be possible to move any points or lock on the route including overlap and isolation nor to release any interlock gate until the signal is replaced to on position.

Means

यदि कोई  सिग्नल लोअर कर दिए है तब उसके रूट में  आने वाले पॉइंट्स , यदि कोई लक गेट है तो गेट को तब टेक रिलीज़ नहीं कर सकते तब तक  की सिग्नल को पूत बैक न कर दे /


3) It shall not be possible to take OFF at the same time any two fixed Signals which can Lead to any Conflicting Movement.

Means

किसी भी दो कन्फ्लिक्टिंग सिग्नल को एक साथ लोअर नहीं कर सकते  क्योकि इस  में कन्फ्लिक्टिंग मूवमेंट हो सकता है /


4) Where visible point shall be so interlocked has to avoid any conflicting movement.

Means

जब तक सम्भब हो सके रूट में आने वाले पॉइंट्स इंटरलॉकेड  हो ताकि कन्फ्लिक्टिंग मूवमेंट न हो सके /

Before we start Circuit we should understand Essential of Interlocking.



Thanks. 













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